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我是老溫,一名熱愛學習的嵌入式工程師
' D0 m2 Q" f! U% v% n/ R! F關注我,一起變得更加優(yōu)秀!一、前言以STM32為例,打開網(wǎng)絡上下載的例程或者是購買開發(fā)板自帶的例程,都會發(fā)現(xiàn)應用層中會有stm32f10x.h或者stm32f10x_gpio.h,這些文件嚴格來時屬于硬件層的,如果軟件層出現(xiàn)這些文件會顯得很亂。
/ u9 z8 I8 v: t; L使用過Linux的童鞋們肯定知道linux系統(tǒng)無法直接操作硬件層,打開linux或者rt_thread代碼會發(fā)現(xiàn)代碼中都會有device的源文件,沒錯,這就是驅動層。
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二、實現(xiàn)原理原理就是將硬件操作的接口全都放到驅動鏈表上,在驅動層實現(xiàn)device的open、read、write等操作。當然這樣做也有弊端,就是驅動find的時候需要遍歷一遍驅動鏈表,這樣會增加代碼運行時間。
6 o; U8 k2 V0 T6 o三、代碼實現(xiàn)國際慣例,寫代碼先寫頭文件。rt_thread中使用的是雙向鏈表,為了簡單在這我只用單向鏈表。有興趣的可以自行研究rt_thread0 t! f/ B+ y0 {, c" r$ m* j& P
頭文件接口:* R& Y7 B |6 |" M0 s
本次只實現(xiàn)如下接口,device_open 和device_close等剩下的接口可以自行研究。這樣就可以在應用層中只調用如下接口可實現(xiàn):
0 Z: C, [. K& M9 `1 ]3 b- v( W- D/ G4 D/*
. ?0 h: b7 d) b 驅動注冊 n, q- C% V! p3 @: g
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int cola_device_register(cola_device_t *dev);# e+ m, S- b) I: g' _, Q7 l, |
/*$ V+ x& y# B& K4 c
驅動查找
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. a9 V v( W1 Ccola_device_t *cola_device_find(const char *name);
, a- Z! T/ Z; ?/*
# ^# p# ~2 L N- b0 e 驅動讀2 I: u- K5 L1 o5 A9 l6 ]
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int cola_device_read(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, void *buffer, int size);6 d0 V: e; Y# }; m$ {8 o
/*
* U, n3 P3 ~4 {6 l- U' s 驅動寫
z2 ]& q3 }7 P- s& f*/
/ X( t5 ?# R" F: B$ n( Jint cola_device_write(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, const void *buffer, int size);" F) ^, m' T. u9 D2 s* f9 M* h" w
/*
- S( @9 ^% V) ], V) d9 P 驅動控制6 q6 s$ y: ^) D- m
*/
, X) @2 ?0 l6 n( | E `int cola_device_ctrl(cola_device_t *dev, int cmd, void *arg);;頭文件cola_device.h:
8 t% L8 W k# a1 b#ifndef _COLA_DEVICE_H_
/ p: V: i: U( Z* l9 Y" E#define _COLA_DEVICE_H_! Z% |& V% L1 x1 v. ?
enum LED_state2 k1 D B: u7 G) J4 H* y4 s& Q' ^
{
% M5 t- [4 b0 \2 Z+ l LED_OFF,
" q7 y* s9 o- n' ? LED_ON,
' `; A' g1 V6 J2 E1 t( F" b LED_TOGGLE,3 U" R- K, @) x6 x4 e
};
) W' q. E! ?" ^ c7 C: g6 @typedef struct cola_device cola_device_t;4 i. X- O& d4 k) D5 c
struct cola_device_ops9 j X$ l7 W' ?' {! \
{" K- }0 U3 `' O- E. m3 b/ S Y0 q' n
int(*init)(cola_device_t*dev);, b) T# @% J; } l) w
int(*open)(cola_device_t*dev,int oflag);
& S& k+ L7 t( J9 z! r+ F8 v ^$ A int(*close)(cola_device_t*dev);+ h, I) m2 R/ f) Z3 Q5 Z
int(*read)(cola_device_t*dev,int pos,void*buffer,int size);8 _6 `+ J% [: }( f6 Z
int(*write)(cola_device_t*dev,int pos,constvoid*buffer,int size);
8 q' J `! D/ k# ^ int(*control)(cola_device_t*dev,int cmd,void*args);4 d+ {3 `7 }# c' N" ?) }' ?2 n
};' H' V+ h7 h) I9 f) r0 c6 h
struct cola_device6 u, J4 y2 ~5 C- Y& l
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const char* name;# i* {* s+ }# a0 @0 L7 p$ L
struct cola_device_ops *dops;& d# H, y5 H( ?# H/ _2 @3 G+ j
struct cola_device *next;
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/*- N- [# x: C4 c2 g
驅動注冊# l! A2 @ f* G$ W0 P& u' `
*/
6 r: Y# L% D0 t6 u5 h. gint cola_device_register(cola_device_t *dev);& `: c* R4 J! F; B2 {( k, b4 E! z
/*
& e' ~! c6 C: }( u7 L# ~ 驅動查找- `6 J! C7 z7 T
*/: y2 O% _# h; ~+ V. z$ t" A* `/ ^
cola_device_t *cola_device_find(const char *name);
: O: Y/ A" S2 l0 Z5 g7 U8 B/*, y1 T% Z2 `# L# k+ u' c
驅動讀
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int cola_device_read(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, void *buffer, int size);
$ _3 I. [ S$ a) h- T0 B5 x/*
* I W6 `2 v X' u9 n 驅動寫
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int cola_device_write(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, const void *buffer, int size);3 A5 G0 r! ^ y; Q5 P5 G
/*4 V( T9 B3 i- n0 k- t5 ^( v
驅動控制
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int cola_device_ctrl(cola_device_t *dev, int cmd, void *arg);! y( _8 E" O" b7 c7 v
#endif 源文件cola_device.c:1 C5 y5 f- ]' P9 g* |
#include "cola_device.h" |: J8 b( V/ c4 k2 ~
#include
, M; E) B0 x/ \+ Q% G#include % S) V: D% x i0 B) O, A" Z
struct cola_device *device_list = NULL;( M. J& N' v, y5 x; ?; ?* z- Y( ]- z
/*5 V, x0 ]* [. \$ |& c
查找任務是否存在
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static bool cola_device_is_exists( cola_device_t *dev )
. ]* T9 M+ p/ l5 b9 I{
. j) U: t1 p2 g cola_device_t* cur = device_list;( N% A& J6 a3 I! P z
while( cur !=NULL)
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if(strcmp(cur->name,dev->name)==0)
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+ E( J, |4 }3 a return true;
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5 L: M6 m3 a! [" h8 i. u r+ F cur = cur->next;; I& i! P' ]1 @+ _& \ z
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return false;) h4 \2 _" k/ Z& s& K3 L1 a
}
; g: D* o; t$ C8 hstatic int device_list_inster(cola_device_t *dev)6 _. S( G) C! g: J4 w# F
{
" S+ p3 G9 F' q- e% b7 C# ? cola_device_t *cur = device_list;
8 J& a6 ^/ U, [+ c3 W& t if(NULL== device_list), f4 ~ ?' e" c' O, t% m
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device_list = dev;
4 m& M! u, b) N; Y/ v4 b5 z dev->next = NULL;8 R3 L: [8 |3 u% F
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else. Y# `4 V$ c- |" c1 n
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while(NULL!= cur->next)
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cur = cur->next;
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( z+ s2 G* P: n( B cur->next = dev;" F1 z4 A5 Y7 ]
dev->next = NULL;
% `7 S7 O! I* u& ~' K" z }
% I8 p* J( d& ^& h2 t" }' D return 1;. j ]5 t5 ]; t4 ~
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/*8 b T: `" Z1 N' Q3 y" d
驅動注冊; M6 i% o* n8 d3 n+ z5 ~3 }) h% i
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int cola_device_register(cola_device_t *dev)- \# D/ V9 K; d0 ~7 @* Z% z" Q
{ q$ B0 S: G0 i
if((NULL== dev)||(cola_device_is_exists(dev)))
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return 0;
+ K0 d/ _4 S J( E" f: n }
/ r. O& w$ T( R: I if((NULL== dev->name)||(NULL== dev->dops))/ X Y0 l# |; F; e
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return 0;% Q4 Z% q4 o: W9 |* g' j
}
% K6 S+ N. F7 V3 {0 ]* C6 r return device_list_inster(dev);
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/*
1 Z0 o. N! G7 \: P 驅動查找6 m& v0 O7 T( L$ b4 @/ K: c1 [: Y( l
*/
/ v! D& h/ E% l* i3 _4 @: Q/ Y: _cola_device_t *cola_device_find(const char *name)0 H# S2 M2 |9 A0 K; s, i
{" i$ z' K7 Y+ c
cola_device_t* cur = device_list;
, O" I3 W8 X. U; d* e while( cur !=NULL)
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if(strcmp(cur->name,name)==0)
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D% D* b( P6 D6 a5 x4 U return cur;7 D+ f( ^* a5 M1 X" I0 h$ C. H/ E) w
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cur = cur->next;
+ Q) B5 d# {) Z X }
1 `+ m6 h% W P8 V% B return NULL;. X, j: {7 O' m2 ]( j5 [1 q
}
! e4 @2 s# d& o; |# @1 N/*
$ r: j6 k( b t$ P) P3 o' L9 K 驅動讀0 _# q9 M \& F" a
*/5 j4 l! R9 k! ^
int cola_device_read(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, void *buffer, int size), H+ K, e6 @3 h* `/ G, x
{
7 [7 d& b$ B: D/ D) S5 B if(dev)- U1 m. R1 r& I; ^4 A+ _# f2 O
{
" w6 l9 r' K- n/ {* M6 Q if(dev->dops->read)
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return dev->dops->read(dev, pos, buffer, size);% T% X/ }$ ?* E) y6 m
}* t" G: f5 D/ Z5 i
}
3 [' f G' d% t* L# H) T return 0;
! b: R5 ]: S6 @" B1 [# g}
3 y" q& S4 Q( V. n4 C n* A# l/*
, h$ _% ]& S. c4 q" L1 q! j6 a 驅動寫
4 i. Q/ o J' p*/
9 D |( |7 O$ ^' T, \int cola_device_write(cola_device_t *dev, int pos, const void *buffer, int size)" k4 N& [0 j5 D! n) U
{( X- J$ }4 j3 ~$ q! o; [* b/ V
if(dev)
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- P8 |3 m5 L3 X+ c& |3 v if(dev->dops->write)8 B2 j$ L3 W" g+ d; m
{3 h( B: A: _% U) \0 o# U6 C& O0 ^- L
return dev->dops->write(dev, pos, buffer, size);/ n( ^5 ~2 L) q" K. x8 ^
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return 0;, T M" Z' g6 o4 t
}
9 |6 [- g- k7 @/*
9 \( F& u' h2 B9 ~ 驅動控制" Z. M0 z: S/ D1 N( r: |& ^. }
*/
9 J7 P' c* e3 n+ Kint cola_device_ctrl(cola_device_t *dev, int cmd, void *arg)
, v+ R4 i" Q7 G/ U" f7 _* K4 i{
# n% \- C5 I. z* L$ d! c if(dev)
5 o' Y6 b& @1 |" t9 B {
7 P8 O, _, f0 p. X: o! v, {6 m if(dev->dops->control)
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return dev->dops->control(dev, cmd, arg);) E l; E, w) h! o$ C% K/ l9 U5 I% s' X
}
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return 0;
1 s) B3 x# `/ B2 k}硬件注冊方式:以LED為例,初始化接口void led_register(void),需要在初始化中調用。
) Z; M" n5 l% O. [, W8 L h#include "stm32f0xx.h"; i7 a0 V7 [6 B2 d3 |+ l* ?
#include "led.h": c3 R ?) {; N; Y% h0 x9 i/ p
#include "cola_device.h"
. V. R' P& P, {( `#define PORT_GREEN_LED GPIOC
% K. `6 K& Z' M4 D j: E; z0 O#define PIN_GREENLED GPIO_Pin_13
+ {* f$ @2 H0 \2 M+ k/* LED亮、滅、變化 */
1 @% I" ?4 [4 l1 n+ @" B#define LED_GREEN_OFF (PORT_GREEN_LED->BSRR = PIN_GREENLED)8 N3 P9 m/ q" s; E' e
#define LED_GREEN_ON (PORT_GREEN_LED->BRR = PIN_GREENLED) L% b z ^3 R! X A! S& o
#define LED_GREEN_TOGGLE (PORT_GREEN_LED->ODR ^= PIN_GREENLED)
3 G. m! F2 R/ Mstatic cola_device_t led_dev;# d- A8 F* \& B9 I, N& K$ z J% W
static void led_gpio_init(void)/ T. D% A; Y; Z
{: D' D$ b3 K* p8 D6 Q* L
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;9 M6 p" \3 m8 Q+ D9 S
RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_GPIOC, ENABLE);
/ ]& |9 X% u2 Z* v- C GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = PIN_GREENLED;
! z" y w) k1 {+ i$ b _) o/ s+ t1 R GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;8 @' t3 {- Q- m8 k( T( {: L
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
, J+ b: ^' m2 U. c7 P GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;8 J, s6 y |" W( [/ c5 O4 _
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;. y1 b7 f7 j$ _- b& p1 `* x$ l
GPIO_Init(PORT_GREEN_LED,&GPIO_InitStructure);
* n4 a* {4 s* S LED_GREEN_OFF;$ W! B& \8 R1 Q/ p E
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static int led_ctrl(cola_device_t *dev, int cmd, void *args)
- N6 T* t* c7 H O, @7 U{
/ {: u+ O' E, h$ k& R7 r$ S8 C if(LED_TOGGLE == cmd)
; ?7 Z! E% |( Y2 w+ ` {
7 ?4 b' k/ ~$ [8 J# T' N; P0 h* c LED_GREEN_TOGGLE;. Y# B6 h: Y" }/ b; W7 f" `
}
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{! x6 [' g/ ` p+ `4 N$ S
}; p8 b* V/ p) T( G; i9 O
return 1;- p7 f& y" I1 i) R6 Z/ u6 b
}
& C1 r k' } s$ x6 }$ x3 w5 S7 K) mstatic struct cola_device_ops ops =
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.control = led_ctrl,
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void led_register(void)
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led_gpio_init();! ?+ e+ B: P; r( r. x
led_dev.dops =&ops;. _+ k' A1 Q) i$ J3 O
led_dev.name ="led";
/ L; S: L! Y5 D: _ cola_device_register(&led_dev);
; i- n8 R$ z3 T8 w l}應用層app代碼:5 m2 U& n d0 l& m. }$ A6 W5 I8 m
#include 1 E6 g4 N( J% L9 [7 B
#include "app.h"6 G" H7 [$ P( w' T
#include "config.h"
/ z9 A' x/ ]& c2 |; U: t) b#include "cola_device.h"
2 g7 l, V; a1 ~1 Y5 j" n#include "cola_os.h"' ?& U/ z0 B2 ?' l# O* d
static task_t timer_500ms;
6 Z( \, P6 O! K' `% ^static cola_device_t*app_led_dev;# f5 | u T/ @$ o
//led每500ms狀態(tài)改變一次
4 T, ?. L* u1 {! i# y0 kstatic void timer_500ms_cb(uint32_t event)
% \( n) R4 K/ U* |) U{
' F( K" b% a! w2 K4 R* m cola_device_ctrl(app_led_dev,LED_TOGGLE,0);. G/ Y% V6 w- X ~8 I( J, C
}9 j3 u N8 E8 c" Q# p9 H" J
void app_init(void)& ~' I" H& T3 L" B6 g% W
{/ h8 I4 ~4 A4 b( K
app_led_dev = cola_device_find("led");$ q' Q' b, E" C6 o% Y
assert(app_led_dev);
. y7 T# X" `& w! K cola_timer_create(&timer_500ms,timer_500ms_cb);
8 f( ~: c' ?: @' }! E. h9 s% i* X cola_timer_start(&timer_500ms,TIMER_ALWAYS,500);9 c$ H( T) j* Z" A' o
}這樣app.c文件中就不需要調用led.h頭文件了,rtt就是這樣實現(xiàn)的。
( K) {- d; |5 B2 c5 r& w( {# C四、代碼下載鏈接https://gitee.com/schuck/cola_os
' R/ x9 n- c1 u/ P, C- o原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/ziqi5543/article/details/101512722 P) l4 `2 C( q) b5 i
-END-
0 N, b+ A) L. H往期推薦:點擊圖片即可跳轉閱讀& ?8 H+ h2 P8 r+ N$ s, ^, a
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嵌入式 C 語言的自我修養(yǎng)
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# H8 k; q0 v3 ^ 被 char 類型的變量坑慘了!3 p" v" t) ]# w; u
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& j0 i3 s' A, f N3 j4 ?/ c# e 5 T% C2 \! w+ B, ^0 [% Y, O
嵌入式 C 語言知識點,動態(tài)變長數(shù)組+ x/ i$ G/ O4 I' k
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* r/ X J' c( S- K 我是老溫,一名熱愛學習的嵌入式工程師
) y8 e, `1 U$ O4 e+ @$ C關注我,一起變得更加優(yōu)秀! |
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